Recent developments
HypertensionChronically improved blood pressure ranks among the most consequential modifiable health risks a person can carry. Unlike many targets in longevity…Biomarkers & Diagnostics: What to Measure and What to TrustA biomarker earns trust only when changing it changes the hard endpoint. The sharpest, most repeated lesson in this substrate is the surrogate trap: a…Epigenetic clocksEpigenetic clocks measure biological age by reading chemical tags on your DNA, called methylation marks, at hundreds of specific sites across the…CIMTCarotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) measures the combined width of the inner two layers of the carotid artery wall using ultrasound. No radiation, no…CAC scoreCoronary artery calcium (CAC) scoring uses a gated CT scan to measure calcium deposited in the walls of the coronary arteries, with burden quantified…Bone mineral densityBone mineral density (BMD) is the standard way to quantify skeletal strength, typically measured by DEXA scan at the lumbar spine and hip. It sits at…Atrial fibrillationOmega-3 fish oil supplements have a well-documented upside for cardiovascular health, but they carry one genuine adverse effect that the evidence…ApoBApolipoprotein B (apoB) is a structural protein that wraps every atherogenic lipoprotein particle in your blood, LDL, VLDL, IDL, and Lp(a) each carry…ALMI (appendicular lean mass index)Appendicular lean mass index (ALMI) measures the muscle in your arms and legs, normalized for height. It is calculated by dividing the combined lean…ABI testThe ankle-brachial index (ABI) is one of the few non-imaging tools that can detect significant peripheral artery disease without a scanner or contrast…4PY (niacin terminal metabolite)When researchers look for new explanations for cardiovascular risk, they usually focus on familiar suspects: LDL, blood pressure, inflammation markers.…